Finger vein is a new biometric recognition technology, which originated from the advanced development project of human brain functional activity management in the field of medical science and technology. In this development, near-infrared rays are used to observe the increase of blood flow. When passing through human tissues, the hemoglobin in the venous blood vessels has a significant absorption effect on the near-infrared rays, so that the distribution characteristics of the venous blood vessels can be characterized by different gray values ​​in the image. Due to the randomness of the elongation direction, the distribution of individual finger vein vessels presents different structures, so it can be determined whether the two vein images are from the same finger. At the same time, it was found that this technology is also suitable for the collection of finger vein images.
Finger vein recognition uses light propagation technology to compare and recognize finger veins. When the near-infrared rays pass through a human finger, part of the rays will be absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood vessels, thereby capturing the unique finger vein pattern, and then comparing it with the pre-registered finger vein pattern to identify the individual. The technical architecture of vein recognition is shown in Figure 2. Medical practice has proved that the shape of finger veins is unique and stable, that is, each person's finger vein images are different, and the vein images of different fingers of the same person are also different. The vein shape of healthy adults no longer changes, which provides a medical basis for finger veins. Therefore, recognition technology based on the principle of finger vein images may become a reality. Thus, the vein distribution image in the finger can be used for identification.
3. Finger vein system recognition processIn vein scanning, the LED emits near-infrared rays on one side of the finger and transmits it through the finger. On the other side of the finger, the camera takes images of the vein. From the extraction to the finger vein image, this process mainly captures the finger vein image, then extracts the finger vein feature information, and compares it with the pre-registered finger vein feature to confirm the identity of the registrant. In order to compare the scanned pattern with the original registered pattern, the relevant recognition result can be obtained (that is, the relevant recognition result can be obtained by comparing the scanned pattern with the original registered pattern).
The finger vein recognition algorithm uses texture tracking to extract the line structure information in the finger vein, and performs individual identification through the matching of the line structure. It can run on a PC environment and an embedded DSP platform.
Outstanding features of finger vein recognition technologyCompared with other biometric technologies, this finger vein recognition technology has the following major advantages.
· Because the finger veins are hidden inside the body, there is no risk of imitation or theft, and the skin conditions on the surface of human hands will not affect the identification work;
·The use of infrared rays by non-invasive and non-contact imaging technology can ensure the convenience and cleanliness of users. Compared with some biometrics, finger vein recognition technology is non-contact, which is more hygienic in public places;
· Due to the relative stability of the finger vein shape and the clarity of the captured image, small and simple data image technology processing can be performed on the pattern data taken by the low-resolution camera;
·High security. Because the veins and blood vessels are hidden inside the fingers, it is extremely difficult to copy and steal. Compared with other technologies that use the body's external characteristics for authentication, this method is more secure. At the same time, vein authentication can perceive the blood flow and blood pressure in the finger, and can perform live detection during the identification process.
· High accuracy. The sampling sample is inside the human body, so the external interference during the matching process is very small. Gently place your finger to trigger highly accurate recognition. According to strict medical certification and mathematical statistics, FRR (rejection rate) is 0.01%, FAR (false recognition rate) is 0.0001%, and FTE (registration failure rate) is 0%.
It can be seen that, compared with other biometric technologies, finger vein recognition technology is much more difficult to copy and steal than face, palm, fingerprint and iris; it is more difficult to recognize than face in terms of recognition accuracy and portability. , Palm size, fingerprints and iris are much higher. Especially in terms of fingerprint technology, it is more convenient, sanitary and more user-friendly to use. Finger vein recognition effectively avoids the shortcomings of traditional access control systems, and opens up a new way to effectively protect personal and property safety for environmentally friendly and energy-saving biometric recognition technology and products.
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