During the power crisis in California, the summer of 2001 faced a peak power gap of 5 million kilowatts, which may have a 34-day power outage, potentially causing $16 billion in economic losses, through voluntary energy conservation and a series of power demand side management ( DSM) policies and incentives to help California residents use electricity more efficiently and tap into potential. The California government spent only $850 million to achieve a peak cut of 5.7 million kilowatts, of which more than 1.1 million kilowatts of electricity demand has been reduced for a long time. As a result, the summer of 2001 was successfully passed without a power cut. There have been examples of successful power-saving campaigns in world history. The 20/20 project adopted by the government in California in 2001 (the California government paid 20% of the electricity rebate for users who used less than 20% of electricity in summer) achieved exceptional success and created a good example of a power-saving incentive mechanism.
During the power crisis in California, DSM took the following measures to produce long-term power-saving effects: 1. Replace old lamps with energy-saving lamps in residential and shopping malls; 2. Renovate HVAC in shopping malls and factories; 3. Install demand management systems; Reconstructing agricultural water pumps; saving 1.1 million kilowatts of load demand, and building two large power plants. In addition, in order to encourage users to save electricity, the implementation of 20/20 projects, 33% of the residents, that is, more than 3 million households to achieve the goal of reducing electricity consumption by more than 20%, in addition to millions of households to save 10 %~20%, achieved good power saving effect.
The 20/20 project looks very favorable. In fact, the government can get a lot of power saving effect with only a small amount of money. Because this method stipulates that each user has no rebates of less than 20% of the power saving, such as California's power saving in the 10% to 20% of the users there are millions, which means that no money is spent to save electricity. There are also users who have no one or few people living in the house. Although the power saving is large, there are very few rebates. Only someone at home can really get a certain rebate if they take real power-saving measures. For users who save 20% to 90% of electricity, the power return per kilowatt-hour is only 80% to 22% of the electricity price. Set a user's original summer electricity consumption of 1000 kWh, the electricity price is 0.5 yuan / kWh, according to the power saving 20% ​​~ 90% to calculate the cost of electricity is as follows:
Power saving cost calculation table for users with different power saving rates:
From the severe power shortage in the California power crisis, relying on a series of long-term and temporary DSM measures to solve the power shortage at a low cost, the California government spent only 850 million US dollars to avoid the possible loss of 16 billion US dollars caused by power outages. A dollar can earn $18.8. There are also places in our country that adopt a similar approach to California. Whoever avoids the peak and uses 1 kWh of electricity can get 1 yuan of compensation. Not only does the cost of electricity saving is high, but the effect is not good. Pay attention to methods and methods, pay attention to energy-saving incentives. art. In addition, in the past, DSM was considered to be far from being thirsty. It is considered that the power consumption measures such as peak avoidance, power cut, and power outage are faster than DSM when power shortage. From the experience of the California power crisis, take long-term and The combination of temporary measures can solve the huge shortage of electricity. Third, from the perspective of measures to solve serious power shortages in California, it is impossible to spend no money. Whether it is implementing energy-saving lamps, reforming HVAC equipment, and reforming water pumps, the government should take out money to adopt incentives and incentives, even if implemented. For the 20/20 project, the government also has to pay for the electricity bill rebate; the DSM in China has been engaged for so many years, the key is that there is no capital investment, and if you want to spend money on DSM, you can only use the administrative command-style plan to use electricity. China's energy medium- and long-term planning has decided to put energy conservation in the first place, and is willing to spend money to engage in DSM measures.
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