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1. Testing AC voltage is the simplest and most effective way to judge.

First connect a plug with a power lead at both ends of the capacitor to be tested, and then connect an AC fuse tube between the lead and the capacitor, and then plug the plug into the power socket for about a few seconds of charging time. If the fuse connected to the string is immediately burned, the capacitor is shorted. When the fuse is not blown for a few seconds, immediately unplug the power plug and quickly short-circuit both ends of the capacitor with the metal rod of the insulated screwdriver. If the capacitor is normal, an electric spark will be generated at the moment of short-circuit discharge. The electric spark is stronger when the electric capacity is larger, and it is mixed with a crisp sound. If after several energizations and short circuits, no sparks appear or the sparks that emerge are very weak and no sound, indicating that the capacitor has been disconnected or the capacitance has been seriously attenuated, and it can only be disposed of.

2. Using the characteristics of capacitor charging and discharging, using a multimeter to measure and judge.

First, the multimeter is dialed to R×1k or Rxlok, and the test probe is connected to the two electrodes of the capacitor. At this time, the pointer of the multimeter swings greatly and points to zero potential, and the pointer slowly returns to a few hundred dry ohms or more, which proves that the capacitor is malfunction. If the pointer does not move back at zero potential, the capacitor is internally shorted.

However, if the pointer stops at a certain scale and does not return, it also indicates that the capacitor has been seriously leaked, and it can no longer be used. When the resistance between the two electrode pins and the outer casing is measured separately by the test pen, it is normal when the display value is infinite.

3. Using the megohmmeter measurement can correctly determine whether the capacitor has internal short circuit and open circuit.

The megohmmeter selects the range of 250V. When measuring, the end lead clip of the megohmmeter is connected to the capacitor lead and the outer casing. When the hand is pointed to infinity (∞) after shaking the megohmmeter handle from slow to fast, the capacitor is explained. An open circuit fault has been generated internally, and when the gauge pin points to the 0-bit value of the dial, it is proved that a short-circuit fault has occurred inside the capacitor, and both can be disposed of at the same time.