The development of low-power wireless technology has accelerated over the past few years due to the development of home and building automation, asset management, factory and process automation, and a range of applications including personal care, health and fitness. The core of innovation is the ability to easily access and integrate low-power sensors and their data. These sensors are now designed in a miniature form factor, powered by a single wireless microcontroller (MCU), wirelessly communicated, and run through small coin cell batteries for many years. Therefore, adding sensing nodes to any existing installation becomes simple and inexpensive. This frees up the potential for applications to collect and process information from sensors, display the data to consumers, automate operations, or make more complex decisions or guide end users. Self-portrait at home: The networked thermostat is collecting data from temperature sensors and meters, allowing you to run at the edge of the peak period. You then need to take action to query the utility provider and inform you that the battery is increasing over the next hour, so it is best to reduce the number of air conditioners (AC) used.
The two macro trends of these applications are significant:
Sensor data needs to be ubiquitous and always available. Whether the user is in proximity to the sensor of the central digital hub, relays sensor data to the smartphone to be displayed, or sends it anywhere else connected via the Internet, sensor data and features must always be available to the user, no matter where they are .
A sensor is a source or destination for simple control commands. They must be simple, low cost and efficient. Sensor data analysis, stimulation, and processing are the result of a joint effort between the local gateway and the cloud system , leveraging higher computing power and greater available resources, as well as distributing between the two. Consider, for example, a digital personal assistant who needs to process a language, identify a face or voice that balances the load between the engine in the cloud and the local engine, and simultaneously combine and interact with sensor information. Alternatively, as with the example of the networked thermostat described above, the temperature sensor data must be combined with the instantaneous power and the current power rate to extract data from the Internet to present the suggested action to the user.
Cloud computing and Internet-connected gateways are at the heart of these systems. They manage different input sources, access databases and search for information, and integrate data from different sensors in a useful and always available way when needed. They are two key components of an overall system solution that uses battery-powered sensors as end nodes to create compelling new services for end users.
The scalability of the number of devices, application types and different service combinations is one of the key requirements of these systems. Today's problem is a huge challenge because of the complexity of building and managing such large sensor networks, the proliferation of different cloud connectivity technologies and their services, and the need for different types of applications.
Consider what the gateway of the Internet connection should provide:
They must be able to handle a large number of nodes and different types of connection interfaces to communicate with various sensors (eg, humidity, brightness, pressure, voltage, etc.)
They must be able to send information to the cloud and receive information from the cloud and contact different cloud service providers who may have different types of services.
They must be able to strike a balance between local and cloud computing. For example, consider the handling of complex operations and database requirements such as language and facial recognition.
Building an entire sensor-to-cloud platform based on open, industry-proven and publicly available standards is a response to the challenge of building scalable and ubiquitous systems that can quickly implement these applications.
To this end, TI has created a Sub-1 GHz sensor with a gateway reference design to the cloud. This reference design accelerates the time required to develop cloud-based applications that interact with Sub-1 GHz sensors.
Sensors running on TI's Universal SimpleLinkTM dual-band CC1350 SensorTag kit (the first wireless sensor board reference design created) use long-range Sub-1 GHz technology and run on BeagleBone Black with TI's SitaraTM AM335x processor The Eth/Sub-1 GHz gateway communicates.
Communication between sensors and gateways is using the industry-proven IEEE 802.15.4 "g" standard, implemented in our royalty-free TI 15.4-Stack Software Development Kit (SDK), which has software for managing sensor node networks. The solution includes embedded Linux® software for the gateway ("Digital Center").
Based on TI's 15.4-Stack and Sitara processor SDK software foundation, TI created a JavaScript-based Internet of Things (IoT) gateway software module to enable connectivity to the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud.
The IoT Gateway application is a software reference design component that includes the following:
Link and device monitoring control for remote network management. Imagine you have deployed a network of humidity sensors at the brewery and want to check that all the sensors are still operational, and the storm last night did not damage them.
Standard data format, and object abstraction model represented by sensor data in the cloud. This is the heart of sensor-to-cloud applications that define the format, properties, and performance of humidity sensor data.
Gateway - AWS IoT service communication with secure authentication mode. This defines the language of the transfer between your gateway and the cloud service, and how your sensors are authenticated and secured through the cloud service provider's gateway.
All of the above features take into account the design of scalability and are based on industry standards.
The data representation uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON),
The sensor object model is taken from the IPSO smart object specification
Communication with AWS IoT instances uses the publish/subscribe MQTT protocol, which is a universal choice for cloud services that interface with sensor-based embedded devices. The software components in this design are modular, the interface between them is based on TCP slots, and uses the Google Protobuf data model to provide the ability to extend other APIs and connect with other IP-based cloud connection protocols. This allows designers to extend and connect to the gateway IoT agent software extremely quickly, to connect with other common cloud services, or to quickly add any other type of sensor (such as brightness, pressure, temperature, etc.), providing designers with great flexibility The universal software library can be re-used for free.
By combining modular design choices, building a suite of industry standards, building a package that can be extended with BoosterPackTM plug-in modules or caps, and allowing developers to easily access software and design for free, TI hopes to unleash the developer's innovative spirit.
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