ADI's 15-channel lithium battery management module mainly uses AD7280A, AD8280, ADuM5401, ADuM1201, ADuC7026 and AD8601 to realize voltage and temperature monitoring of 15 lithium battery cells, providing main monitoring while ensuring signal monitoring accuracy. The architecture of the circuit and secondary monitoring circuitry enables a higher level of system protection. It also provides a modular and scalable board-level architecture. In addition to the main monitoring circuit module, the secondary monitoring circuit module, and the data interface module, other modules such as the active equalization circuit can be extended to facilitate system prototype development. This article describes the main features of the AD7280A1, block diagrams and application circuits, as well as the basic functions of the 15-channel lithium battery management module BMU, block diagrams, circuit diagrams, bill of materials and PCB component layout and design drawings.
The AD7280A1 contains all the funcTIons required for general-purpose monitoring of stacked lithium ion batteries as used in hybrid electric vehicles, battery backup applicaTIons, and power tools. The part has mulTIplexed cell voltage and auxiliary ADC measurement channels for up to six cells of battery An internal ±3 ppm/°C reference is provided that allows a cell voltage accuracy of ±1.6 mV. The ADC resoluTIon is 12 bits and allows conversion of up to 48 cells within 7 μs. The AD7280A operates from a single VDD supply That has a range of 8 V to 30 V (with an absolute maximum rating of 33 V). The channel provides an input signal range, VIN(+) − VIN(−), of 1 V to 5 V. The input pins assume In addition, the part includes six auxiliary ADC input channels that can be used for temperature measurement or system diagnostics.
The AD7280A includes on-chip registers that allow a sequence of channel measurements to be programmed to suit the application requirements. The AD7280A also includes a dynamic alert function that can detect whether the cell voltages or auxiliary ADC inputs exceed an upper or lower limit The AD7280A includes cell balancing interface outputs designed to control external FET transistors to allow discharging of individual cells. The AD7280A includes a built-in self-test feature that internal applies a known voltage to the ADC inputs. A daisy-chain interface The AD7280A requires only one supply pin that accepts 6.9 mA under normal operation while converting at 1 MSPS. All this functionality is provided in a 48-lead LQFP package operating over a temperature range of −40°C to +105°C.
Main features of AD7280A1:
12-bit ADC, 1 μs per channel conversion time
6 analog input channels, common-mode range 0.5 V to 27.5 V
6 additional ADC inputs
±1.6 mV cell voltage accuracy
On-chip voltage regulator
Cell balancing interface
Daisy-chain interface
Internal reference: ±3 ppm/oC
1.8 μA power-down current
High input impedance
Serial interface with alert function
1 SPI interface for up to 48 channels
CRC protection on read and write commands
On-chip registers for channel sequencing
VDD operating range: 8 V to 30 V
Temperature range: −40°C to +105°C
48-lead LQFP Qualified for automotive applications
AD7280A1 application:
Lithium ion battery monitoring
Electric and hybrid electric vehicles
Power supply backup
Power tools
Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram of the AD7280A1
Figure 2. AD7280A1 six-cell configuration diagram
Figure 3. AD7280A1 Daisy Chain Configuration Diagram
15-channel lithium battery management module BMU
The 15ch BMU demo board is a tool for user to evaluate ADI Li-ion BMS chipset, including primary cellmonitoring IC AD7280A, backup cell monitoring IC AD8280, digital isolator ADuM1201, power isolatorADuM5401/03, and MCU ADuC7026. User can connect the board to Li-ion cells, connect with CAN tooltool set orPC directly, to enable in-system evaluation. This document describes basic operation of the 15ch BMU DEMO.
Basic functions of the 15-channel lithium battery management module BMU:
- Primary cell monitoring
o Up to 15 cell voltage inputs
o Up to 18temperature inputs
o 12-bit resolution of conversion data
o Alert of Over-Voltage, Under-Voltage, Over-Temperature, and Under-Temperature
o Self-Test
o Configurable acquisition time, conversion channels, averaging.
- Backup cell monitoring
o Up to 15 cell voltage inputs
o Up to 6 temperature inputs
o Alert outputs of Over-Voltage, Under-Voltage, and Over-Temperature
o Self-Test
- Passive cell balancing
o 100mA peak current
- 14V power supply with power enable input
- 1x CAN interface
- 1x USB interface
For GUI evaluation, user can connect the demo boardsto:
a. PC directly through USB cable. PC runs '15ch BMU Demo GUI (USB Version)'.
b. ZLG CANalyst (USBCAN-I or USBCAN-II) through CAN bus, then to PC. PC runs '15ch BMU Demo GUI (CANVersion)'.
c. Other types of CAN tool through CAN bus, then to PC. PC runs specific GUI or analyzer tool according to the CAN tool.
The 15-channel lithium battery management module BMU includes:
- Primary Monitoring Board
- Backup Monitoring Board
- Data Interface Board
Figure 4.15 Outline of the channel lithium battery management module BMU
Figure 5.15 Block Lithium Battery Management Module BMU Block Diagram
Figure 6.15 Circuit diagram of the channel lithium battery management module BMU monitoring board
Figure 7.15 Channel Lithium Battery Management Module BMU Data Board Circuit Diagram
Figure 8.15 Channel lithium battery management module BMU backup monitoring board circuit diagram
Figure 9.15 Channel Lithium Battery Management Module BMU Monitor Board PCB Top Component Layout
Figure 10.15 channel lithium battery management module BMU monitoring board PCB bottom component layout
Figure 11.15 channel lithium battery management module BMU backup monitoring board PCB top component layout
Figure 12. 15 channel lithium battery management module BMU backup monitoring board PCB bottom component layout
Figure 13.15 channel lithium battery management module BMU data board PCB top component layout
Figure 14. 15 channel lithium battery management module BMU data board PCB bottom component layout
Figure 15.15 channel lithium battery management module BMU monitoring board PCB design (1)
Figure 16.15 channel lithium battery management module BMU monitoring board PCB design (2)
Figure 17.15 channel lithium battery management module BMU monitoring board PCB design (3)
Figure 18. PCB design of the BMU monitor board for the 15-channel lithium battery management module (4)
Figure 19. 15-channel lithium battery management module BMU data board PCB design (1)
Figure 20. 15-channel lithium battery management module BMU data board PCB design (2)
Figure 21.15 Channel Lithium Battery Management Module BMU Data Board PCB Design (3)
Figure 22. 15-channel lithium battery management module BMU data board PCB design (4)
Figure 23. PCB design of the 15MU lithium battery management module BMU backup monitoring board (1)
Figure 24. 15 channel lithium battery management module BMU backup monitoring board PCB design (2)
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