Conventional DC LED chips operate at high current and low voltage. In order to increase the voltage used, a general package ( COB ) structure is generally used, that is, multiple chips are connected in series and in parallel. Although LED lighting applications are still dominated by DC driving, the technology drives the lighting of the lamps after AC/DC conversion, which not only increases the application cost, but also increases the complexity of the products and reduces the overall energy saving efficiency.
The HV LED realizes the serial-parallel connection of micro-grains directly at the chip level, which makes it work at low current and high voltage, which will simplify the chip solid-crystal bonding, the number of bonding, and the cost of packaging. The HV chip forms multiple micro-die integrations per unit area, avoiding the consistency problems caused by wavelength, voltage, brightness, and span in the BIN between chips.
In recent years, LED lighting fixtures have been designed to be simpler and lighter, while high-voltage chips are favored by the market for their flexibility, diversity and low cost.
Compared with traditional DC LED power chips, HV LED chips have the advantages of low packaging cost, high warm white light efficiency, high driving power efficiency, and low line loss. A conventional 1 W DC LED chip is driven by 350 mA, the voltage is about 3. 4 V, the test voltage is 220 V, and 60 to 70 chips are needed, and the current reaches 2 × 104 mA. Under the conditions, you need to use a voltage adapter to reduce the amount of current. The current of a HV chip is 20 mA, the voltage is 50 V, and the test voltage is 220 V, 4 to 5 chips, and the current is below 100 mA, which can save the transformer, save cost and improve chip consistency.
It can be seen that the high-voltage LED with the same output power dissipates much less power than the low-voltage LED during operation, which means that the cost of the heat-dissipating aluminum casing can be greatly reduced. According to the current product, the manufacturing cost of the high voltage chip is 10% to 30% less than the low voltage cost.
The cost savings of high voltage chips are manifold. High-voltage chips not only reduce peripheral costs such as drive circuits and transformers, but also save process costs. In addition, since the low-voltage chip uses a transformer to reduce the voltage, there is energy loss, and the high-voltage chip has no energy loss, which can further improve the light efficiency.
With the breakthrough of technical problems, high-voltage chips are expected to become the mainstream of the future chip market, but its own technical difficulty and process level have also made many companies daunting. However, with the popularization of high-voltage chips in the future and the reduction of research and development costs, the price of high-voltage chips with cost advantages of HVLED chips itself will be further reduced.
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